Attachment for calculating-machines.



T. J. PALVEYJ ATTACHMENT FOR CALCULATING MACHINES.

APPLIGATION FILED MAY 5, 1906.

Patented Jan. 26, 1909.

Jar/gran er, ,J /cavzaasmz e a A245 war; 3.27

wmczvfim.

T. J. FALVEY. ATTACHMENT r011 GALOULATING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 6, 1906.

Patented J an, 26, 1909-.

m 69% Q- C.

T; J. FALVEY. ATTACHMENT FOR CALCULATING MACHINES. APPLICATION FILED MAY5, 1906.

91 0,806. Patented, Jan. 26, 1909.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

T. J. PALVEY. ATTACHMENT FOR CALCULATING MACHINES. APPLICATION FILED MAY5, 1906.

Patented Jan. 26, 1909.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

nn 7@ -Wm V F g E E 33 r g /0-- WJLM W QVGPW 5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

Patented Jan. 26, 1909.

An (I T. J. PALVEY. ATTACHMENT FOB. CALCULATING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 5, 1906.

rce.s.ses.

To all whom it may concern." a

I THOMAS JQFALVEY, or NEEDHAM, MASSACHUSETTS.

ATTAcmmNT son CALCULATING-MACHINES.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed May 5, 1906. SerialNo. 315,874.

" Patented can. 26, '1909.

Be itknown that I, THOMAS J. FALvEY,o

Needham', inth e county of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, haveinvented certain new and useful? Improvements in Attachments 'forCalculating-Maohines, of which the followmg'is a'specification.

Theobject of this invention'is to provide an appliance which may beeasily attached to an removed from adding machines of I knownconstruction, so that multiplication the comptometer w and division canbe performed on such ma chineswith absolute accuracy andgreatrapidity.

The appliance constituting the present invention is intended to beapplied to addin machines which have key-boards prdvide with a number of-o umns, each column having nine eye 'for adding number's between 1 and.9. It is particularly adapted for use with theaddin 'ch is one of-thatclass of machines technically called keyincreased rapidity of 0 eration.It is m illustrated here has a number of finger kegs 2 operated, inwhich carrying takesplace between adjacent number wheels when several ofthe keys are depressed at once. It is known by users of this'class ofmachine that multiplication, whichis-simply an operation in which thesame number is added a number of times, can be performed by the opera'tor placing his fingers uponthe keys repre-.

sentlng the digits of the multiplicand and depressing them the number 0Etimes represented by the multiplier. Div'sion also can be performed in asomewhat similar manner.

This manual operation, however, is inaccurate, particularly when anumber having many digits is multiplied, for the reason that it isdiflicult for the operator to press equally 'upon all of the keys withhis fingers, and secure an actuation of .the'calculating mechthe numberof times he depresses the keys in erforming themultiplication, and thereis anger of hi's'jlosing count. These sourcesof possible inaccuracy. areincreased with devices which ma be placed over any of the number keys andepressed to en age and cause operation of the latter, and o the cal- Ithe work and showing 'sents a side e machine known as .plan view of thesame.

orming the multiplication, these counters'at mechanisms, and has a lockf'or prethe conclusion of the operation showing the multiplier, and thusautomatically checking at once 'whether'it has been completed orcorrectly performed.

The accompanying drawings illustrate. a preferred embodiment of myinventiomand plan v ew of an adding machine aving my attachment a pliedthereto. Fig. 2 repre levation of the's'am'e. Fig. 3- represents alongitudinal section of the attachment showing its relation to the o'er'ating keys of the adding machine. 'ig/fi of these drawings Figure 1represents a crating finger-keys represents a cross-sectionalelevation'of'the same. Fig. 5 represents aplan view of the under side ofthe frame carrying the grassing devices which actuate the number ey's.

Fig. 6 represents a sectional elevationshowing'in detail the devices forpreventing return of the pressers and'number keys before the completionof the operating stroke of the latte Fig. 7 represents a sectional Fig.8 represents a view similar to Fig. 2, showing the pressing devices inde ressed position. Fig: 9 represents an axia section of the countingdevice. Fig. 10 represents a detail elevation of one of Said countingdevices. i

The same reference'char-acters same arts in all the figures.

Re erring to Figs. 1 and 2, 1 represents an adding machine such asthecom 'tometer or any other having a number of uplic'ate finger keyswhich may be simultaneously a'cindicate the tuated to cause re istrationof several digits at once, and Wide also has carrying mechanism capableof carrying from severai'places at once. The adding machine of the typewhich are arranged in parallel columns, 6 ere being eight of suchcolumns shown here. There are nine keys in each column numbered.consecutively froml to 9, and each ad'a' ted toactuate mechanism forrecordim num ers corresponding to those which they hear. Thecorresponding keys of the several columns are arranged in parallel rows.At the front of the machine is an indicator 3 through which appear thenumber bearing wheels 4, of which there is one more than the number ofcolumns of keys. The keys of each column are adapted to operate one ofthe numberthe upper edge of the adding machine. The.

other part 8of the outer frame of the attach ment is hinged at 9 to thepart so that it can be swung away from or toward the top of theaddingmachine. When in the latter position it rests upon the top of themachine and surrounds the finger keys 2. Fitting within the casing 8 andslidable up and down therein'is a presser carrier or frame 10 to 5 whichadjacent the opposite sides of the casing are ivoted links 11 12. Theselinks are pivota y connected to links 13 14, re spectivel which latterare pivoted to the sides of t e casing. Joined to these links is aconnecting link or bar 15 which is attached to i the links 11 13at thepivot 16 of the latter,

and is pivoted at 17 to link 14. Elastic means, such as a spring 18, isconnected to the link and to a fixed abutment 19 secured to thecasing,'and tends to hold the connecting link 15 in the position shownin Figs. 2

and 3, wherein the links 11 12 and 13 14 are in line with each other,The link 12 is held 7 against a stop 20 which prevents these links beingcarried out of line by the spring- In one side of the casing 8 is'pivoted a rockshaft 21 to which outside of the casing is secured an ocrating handle 22, and to which on" the insi e of the casing is attachedan arm 23. This arm is joined by a connectin rod 24 with one of thelinks 12. When the ever 22 is depressed, the links 11 12 and 13 14 arecarried out of line with each other, as shown 1 in Figs. 6 and 8, andthe resser carrier 10 is accordingly depressed. pon pressure beingremoved from lever 22, spring 18 restores the links to their rectilinearposition and elevates the said carrier.

The end members 10 10 of the carrier 10 are grooved to form guidewaysfortongues '60 lon' itudinally of the a paratus and are norto the 0 ma yparalle o umns of number keys. The spacing between the bars 26 is thesame as that between the colunms of, keys and the inner frame is adaptedto be laced so that the bars lie over a number 0 adjacent col- .umns. Itis also movable so as to place the the inner frame 26. ,A handle 30.isattached to the shaft 28 so that it and the pinion may be turnedmanually. 7

It'is to be understood that, for thepurpose of effecting theoperativedownward movements of the pressers, the frame 26 constitutes apart of the carrier 10; In other words, the frames 10 and 26 constitutethe presser carrier; but for purposes of descrip- 30 tion and not oflimitations, the number 10 is herein very frequently referred to as thecarrier and the number 26 as a frame. 7

On each side of the bars 26 is mounted a pressing device consisting of aslide 31 hav 35 mg a slot through which the -bar passes and beingtubular at its lower end. In the tubular portion is mounted a plunger 32having a head 33, and being retained in the slide by means of a pin 34carried by the plunger, the ends of which extend through slots 35 in thesides of the tubular part of the slide. Within the tube above andbearing on the plunger is a spring 36, the upper end of which pressesagainst a headed "pin 37 which extends from the tubular part of theslide into the transverse slot thereof and bears against the under sideof the bar 26. The reaction of spring 36, as will be evident, presses ino posite direction against the pin 37 and the 00 p unger, 32, holdingthe former'in contact with thebar 26 and the latter in its most extendedosition pro'ecting from the slide. Each of t e bars 26 as on its underside notches 38 s aced correspondingl to the keys 2 into w ich the pin37 is acia ted to pro'ect and hold the resser direct y.over an in linewith one o the keys. By slipping the presser along the bar on which itis mounted, it may be placed over any one of 119 the keys of the columnadjacent the bar, or it may be moved entirely beyond the column into theposition occupied by the presser 31, shown in 1. When-in this position,the presser will not engage any of the keys upon depression of themovable carrier. Be- 4 'sides retaining the holding pin 37 elevated,

the spring 36 permits the presser to act yieldingly u on the number keso that a some.- what greater depression 0 the carrier than 120 thatrequired to cause actuation of thekeys may be provided'for. This is doneon account of the fact. that the number keys of the machine may bearranged at different hei hts and that therefore a reater motion li g oft e pressers than of the keys is necessary to enable each presser-toactuate any of the keys over which it may be set. By depressing thehandle 22, the ressers are brought into engagement with t e keys overwhich 13-.)

- again wit the toot ied bar.

casing 47.

Mason they are set, and press them down to actuate the calculatingmechanism.

In 'order to insure'operation of the calculating mechanism at eachdepression of the ressmg devices, I provide a lock which proibits returnof the pressing devices until after the have completed their operativestroke. This lock consists of a toothed bar 40 fixed to the outer frameor casing, and a awl or looking dog 41 pivoted'to one-of the inks 14. Aspring 42 of less width than the toothed bar 40 (see 7) is secured to astud 43 the wall of the casing, and its end extends over the last toothof the bar. These teeth are inclined toward the direction in which thelinks are deflected for depressing the carrier so that the pawl may sliover them, but'will engage them and be loc ed if the links are drawn inthe other direction. The pawl 41 as a whole lies beside the spring .42,asshown in Fig. 7, but it has a lateral projection 44 in the samevertical plane as the spring. When the pawl is being moved as t epressers are depressed, the toe 44 slips along beneath the s ring 42until the end of the stroke is reache when the toe raises the end of thespring and slips out from under it. On the return of the links andressers the toe 44 rides up on the spring an is held away from thetoothed bar so that its passage is entirely unobstructed. When normalposition of these parts is reached, the toe o the .pawl asses over thefixed end of thesprin and r0 s down into engagement From the foregoingit will be understood that at all times before the completion of theoperative movement of the pressers, the locking dog 41 is in engagementwith the locking teeth, and revents return of the pressers, but that wen the operating movement has been carried to its completion and thecalculating mechanism is operated, the lock is disengaged and freereturnis permitted. Thus it is im ossible for the operator to make an incompete actuation of the mechanism and imagine he has operated it.

For indicating the number of times that the pressing devicesareoperated, I provide number wheels 45 which are loosely mounted upon ashaft 46, and inclosed in an-auxiliary Each of the number wheels has aratchet 48 formed upon or attached to it, having nine teeth, and thelaterally-movable frame 26 carries an arm 49 to which is attached a pawl50 having a tooth 51 ada ted to engage the teeth of one of the rate ets.Each of the number wheels has connected to it one end of a sprin 52 ofwhich the other end is secured to t e shaft 46. This sprin tends toreturn and hold the number whee s with their zero characters showingthrough slots 53 in the casing 47. The wheels are retained in this zeroposition by stops 54 engaging arms 55 secured to the shaft 46. Aftereach actuation by the pawl a flattened or recessed portion of aneccentric shaft 57 which has handles 58 at its ends. When the shaft isturned, it raises the pawls and releases the number wheels which arethen returned by springs 52 until their stops 54 engage the arms 55.

The number wheels 45 are spaced from each other according to the s acingof the columns of keys, and the paw 50 is so arranged that when themovable frame26 is in the position at the right of the machine, shown inFig. 1, the awl is in position to engage the right-hand ratchet. When,however, the laterally movable frame 26 is shifted into positions overthe other columns, the pawl is carried into engagement with the otherwheels in succession. Thereby the number of times which the carrier isactuated to depress the keys in each of its several positions isindicated. In order to prevent the number wheel 45 from being rotatedbeyond the point at which its number 9 shows at the indicator, one ofits teeth is made of double width, and has a shallow notch 59 of onlyenough depth to ermit engagement by the holding pawl 56, ut not enoughto receive the toe 51 of the operating pawl. The operating pawl is heldagainst an adjustable stop 60 by a spring 61 so that it will engage theteeth of the ratchets when moved downward, and yield to pass over themwhen returned.

The manner of operation of the device will now be described. Inperforming multiplication, the pressing devices 31 on the several bars26 are set over the keys representing the digits of themulti licand, andthe handle 22 is then depressed t e number of times represented by themulti her. The result appears on the number w ieels 4 at the front of,

'themachine, and the number of times that the pressers have beenactuated appears on the wheels 45. Thus at the end of a multiplyingoperation, the answcr appears on one set of wheels and the multiplier onthe other, the multiplicand being shown by the pressers, whereby thework can be checked and any errors at once discovered. "J hen themultiplication is by a number of units, the movable frame 26 is placedin its extreme righhand position and depressed the number of timesrequired. When, however, the multiplication is by tens or hundreds, themovable frame 26 is placed one or two spaces, as the case may be, to theleft, thus making the multiplicand 10 or 100 times as great and thepressers are de ressed the required number of times. To i ustrate, supose the number 547,821 is to be multiplied y 765. First the pressers onthe several bars 26 are placed over the numbers in the several columnsof keys representing the digits of the multipli- &

cand. The movable frame 26 is then put in its extreme right-handposition and depressed five times. This multiplies the first number by 5and shows the number 5 on the righthand wheel 45. The frame 26 1's thenmoved one space to the left so that each of the press-' ers is over thecorresponding key in the next column to the left. ,Every depression ofthe carrier in this position adds ten times the multiplicand to theresult previously secured, and sixde ressions thereof add sixty timesthe multip icandk The numeral '6 appears after this operation on thesecond wheel 45, showing that multiplication by has been performed. Forcom leting theoperation, the frame 26 is move a further distance to theleft so as to multiply by hundreds, and is depressed seven times, givingthe required result and showing the number Jon the third wheel 45.multiplicand of five digits may be multiplied by a number of fourdigits, the presser on the left-hand bar 26 being then moved out of theway, as shown in Fig. 1 at 31; In performing this operation the movableframe 26 is shifted into four instead of three different positions.

M invention may also be embodied in mac iines of different proportions,wherein higher numbers may be multi lied, and also it may be arranged tomultip y numbers of seven digits by those of two, by simply addinganother bar 26 and increasing the width of frame 26.

For performing division, the number to be divided, or dividend, iscaused to appear on the number wheels 4 by first manipulating the keys2. Then the frame 26 is set in its left-hand position, and the pressersrespec tively set over keys which represent the difference between thedivisor and the next higher integral power of 10. That is, if thedivisor is a unit, the number over which the presser is set is thedifference between that unit and 10. If the divisor is of two digits,the number used is the difference between the divisor and 100; if ofthree digits, the difference between the divisor and 1000, and so on.The carrier is then actuated to add these numbers successively to thedividend, this addition being carried on until thenumber on theleft-hand wheel is the same as the numsecond wheel 4 and second wheel 45show the same number, and the following wheels 4 show a number less thanthe divisor. This is repeated until the end of the operation, when Inthe corresponding manner a the wheels 45 and the first few left-hand.

wheels 4 both show the quotient. Suppose for instance, a number,421,673, is to be divided by 681. The dividend is made to appear on thesix left-hand wheels 4, and the pressers 31 on the three left-hand bars26 are set over the keys 3 1 and 9 respectively, of the left-hand threecolumns, these digits representing the number 319, which is thedifference between 1000 and 681. die 22 is depressed six times, when thenumber shown on the left-hand wheel 4 will be increased from 4 to 6,(that indicated by the next three wheels being130, which is less thanthe divisor) and the left-hand wheel 45 will also show the number 6,this being the first number of the quotient. Then the frame-26 is movedto the right and depressed once, when the second of the wheels 4 willshow the number 1, which will also appear on the second wheel 45, andthe third, fourth and fifth of the wheels 4 will show 626, anothernumber which is less than the divisor. Again, the frame 26 is shiftedand depressed nine times, whereupon the third of the wheels 4 shows thenumber 9. Wheels 45 and the left-hand three of the wheels 4 both show619, which is the quotient, and the next three wheels of the series 4show the number 134, which is the remainder.

Both of the operations of multiplication and division may be performedwith great rapidity, and without danger of defective actuation of thekeys, and with no danger of error from the operators losing count of thenumber of times which he has depressed the keys.

I claim 1. A device for performing multiplication and division on caculating machines, comprising a frame adapted for attachment to suchmachines, a plurality of pressers adapted to be set in various operativepositions, a movable carrier for said pressers, and provisions wherebyall of said pressers may be moved bodily simultaneously throughsubstantially equal distances from whatever position they may occupy.

2. A device comprising a detachable frame adapted for attachment tocalculating The hanmachines having operating keys, a presser positions,and provisions for bodily moving erases the carrier whereby saidpressers may be actuated simultaneously and substantially equally. -V

4. An attachment for calculating ma chines comprising a carrier, aholder frame supported thereby, a plurality of pressers each adjustableon said holder frame, said holder frame being movable bodily to shiftthe pressers laterally, and provisions whereby the carrier and holderframe may be moved bodily through substantially the same distance toactuate the pressers.

5. An attachment for calculating machines, comprising a carrier, aholder frame sup orted thereby, a plurality of pressers eac adjustableon said holder frame in a line parallel with the sides of the saidframe, said holder frame being movable to shift the pressers laterally,and means for bodily movmg all parts of the holder by substantially thesame amount to actuate the ressers.

6. An attachment for calcu ating machines, com rising a carrier, aholder frame sup orted t ereby, a lurality of pressers eac adjustable onsaid older frame in a line arallel with the sidesof the frame, saidholder frame being movable to shift the pressers laterally, means forbodily moving all parts of the holder through substantially the samedistance to actuate the pressers, and indicators for showing the numberof actuating movements of the holder.

7. A device for attachment to calculating machines, comprising acarrier, pressers ad justably mounted thereon, provisions for shiftingthe pressers into different lateral positions, means for moving allparts of the carrier bodil to cause the pressers to actuate the calcuating mechanism, and a plurality of indicators, each operated during theactuating movement of the carrier in one of its different positions forshowing the number of such movements in each position. 8. A device forattachment to calculating machines, comprising a carrier, pressersadjustably mounted thereon, provisions for shifting the pressers intodifferent lateral po sitions, means for bodily moving all parts ofthecarrier through substantially the same distance to cause the pressers toactuate the calculating mechanism, a plurality of indicators, andconnections for operating the indicators separately to cause them toshow the number of actuating movements of the carrier in each of itsdifferent positions.

9. A device for attachment to calculating machines, comprising a frameor casing, a

carrier ressers ad'ustabl mountedthereon provisions for shifting thepressers into different lateral positions, means for bodily moving thecarrier to cause the pressers to actuate the calculating mechanism, aplurality of indicators mounted in the frame of the attaehment, anddriving means movable into 7 position for direct connection withdifferent chines comprising a laterally movable presser frame, pressersmounted thereon, means for actuating the frame and pressers, means forreturning the frame and pressers, and means operable always in onelocation for preventing return of the frame in any location untilafterthe completion of its operative movements.

12. An attachment for calculating machines comprising a bodily movablecarrier, pressers mounted thereon, means for moving the carrier andpressers, means for returning the carrier and pressers, and a lock forpreventing return of the carrier and pressers before, and inoperativeforthis purpose after, the completion of their operative movement.

13. An attachment for calculating machines comprising a bodily movablecarrier, pressers mounted thereon, means for moving the carrier andpressers, means for returning tion oftheir operative movement, and meansrendering said lock inoperative after the completion of such movement.

14. Anattachment for performing multiplicationand divisionon addingmachines, comprising a" holder having a number of guides, pressersadjustable on such guides, and actuating devices connected with theholder at separated points, simultaneously operable to move all parts ofthe holder and the pressers carried thereby through substantially equaldistances.

15. An attachment for performing multiplication and division on addingmachines, comprising a holder having a number of guides, pressersadjustable on suchguides, and actuating devices connected with theholder at separated points supporting the same and adapted to besimultaneously deflected to move all )arts of the holder and thepressers carried t ereby through substantially equal distances.

16. An attachment for performing multiplication and division on addingmachines, comprising a holder having a number of uides, pressersadjustable on such guides, a rame in which said holder is held so as tobe laterally adjustable, and actuating means connected with theframe-for reciprocating 1 moving the latter, a stationary toothed bar,

a relatively movable locking dog connected the same in a directiontransverse -to the ad- I justments of the pressers and-holder.

17. An attachment for performing multiplication and division on addingmachines,

'com rising a holder having a number of ui es, pressers ad'ustable onsuch guides, a ame in which sai holder is held so as to be laterallyadjustable,a cooperating rack and pinion held by the holder and framefor adjusting theformer, and actuating means con nected with the framefor reciprocating the same in a direction transverse to the adjustmentsof the pressers and holder. 18. An attachment of'the character describedcomprising a supporting frame, a movable frame, pressers mountedthereon, jointed links connected to the movable and supporting frames,and means for deflecting the links, whereby the ressers are moved.

19. An attachment 0 the character described comprising a supportingframe, a movable frame, pressers mounted thereon, jointed linksconnected to the movable and su porting frames, means for deflecting thelin s, whereby the ressers are moved, and

4 yielding means ten ing to extend the links,

for restoring the movable frame and pressers to normal position.

20. An attachment of the character described comprising a supportingframe, a movable frame, pressers mounted thereon, jointed linksconnected to the movable and supporting frames, means for deflecting thelin s, whereby the pressers are moved, and a relatively movableinterengaging toothed member and dog for preventing premature return ofthe frame.

21. An attachment of the character described comprising a supportingframe, a movable-frame, pressers mounted thereon, jointed linksconnected to the movable and supporting frames, means for deflecting thelin s, whereby the'pressers are moved, and a relatively movableinterengaging toothed member and dog attached to the supporting frameand links respectively, for preventingpremature return of the frame.

22. An attachment of the character described com rising an exteriorframe or casing, a mova file frame laterall and longitudinallyadjustable, pressing evices carried thereby, means connected between theexterior casing and movable frame for moving the latter, a stationartoothed bar, a relatively movable locking 0g connected to and movablewith said frame-moving means adapted to engage the bar, and a deflectorfor separating the dog from the bar upon completlon of a movement of theframe.

23. An attachment of the character described comprising an exteriorframe or casing, a movable frame, pressing devices mounted thereon,means connected between the exterior casing and movable frame for 'tosaid frame-moving means adapted to engage the bar, and a deflectordistinct from the dog extending over the bar with its yielding end closeto the end tooth of the bar in position to separate the dog therefrom onreturn of the frame after completion of an operating movement.

24. An attachment of the character described comprising an exteriorframe or casing, a movable frame, pressing devices mounted thereon,means connected between the exterior casing and movable frame for movingthe latter, toothed indicator members having a series of numbers, and anactuator pawl carried by the frame for directly engaging and moving saidmembers upon movement of the'frame.

25. An attachment of the character described comprising an exteriorframe or casing, a movable frame, pressing devices mou ted thereon,means connected between the xterior casing and movable frame for movingthe latter, a series of indicators having numbers, and an actuatorcarried by the frame for directly. engaging and moving one of saidindicators upon movement of the frame; the frame being shiftable andthereby 27. An attachment of the character described comprising anexterior frame or casing, a movable frame, pressing devices mountedthereon, means connected between the exterior casing and movable framefor moving the latter, a series of toothed indicators having numbers andmounted in the frame or casing of the attachment, an actuator pawlcarried by the movable frame for engaging and moving the indicators,retaining devices for holding the indicators in the positions given-themby the actuator, and means for disengaging said retaining devices topermit return of the indicators. 28. An attachment of the characterdescribed comprising an exterior frame or casing, a movable frame,pressing devices mounted thereon, means comiected between the exteriorcasing and movable frame for moving the latter, a series of indicatorshaving numbers, a fixed shaft on which they are rotarily mounted,cooperating stops on the indicators and shaft, springs tending to bringand retain said stops in contact, an actuator carried by the frame formoving the indicators upon movement of the frame, pawls engaging theindicators for retaining them in the positions to which they are movedby the actuator, and an eccentric rotary detent for disengaging thepawls. from the indicators.

29. In a device of the character described, a pressing member having atransverse passage whereby it may be mounted on a guide, and including arelatively movable pressing portion, a detent extending into the transverse passage, and a spring interposed between the pressing portion anddetent for yieldingly projecting the pressing portion outward andforcing the detent against the uide.

g In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature, in presence of twowitnesses.

THOMAS J. FALVEY. l/Vitnesses:

A. C. RATIGAiI, L. E. KENNEDY.

